Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo inna min azwajikum waawladikum AAaduwwan lakum faihtharoohum wain taAAfoo watasfahoo wataghfiroo fainna Allaha ghafoorun raheemun
English
Ahmed Ali
O believers, some of your spouses and children are your enemies, so beware of them! Yet if you forbear, overlook, and forgive, God is indeed forgiving and kind.
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Tafseer
'Abdullāh Ibn 'Abbās / Muḥammad al-Fīrūzabādī
تفسير : (o ye who believe) in muhammad (pbuh) and the qur'an! (lo! among your wives and your children) who are in mecca (there are enemies for you) in that they barred you from migration and jihad, (therefore beware of them) lest you fail to migrate or engage in jihad. (and if ye efface) if you pardon them for barring you (and overlook) and turn away from them, and not punish them (and forgive) their sins after they have migrated from mecca to medina, (then lo! allah is forgiving) he forgives he who repents, (merciful) towards he who die repentant.
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī
تفسير : o you who believe! indeed among your wives and children there are enemies for you, so beware of them, of obeying them in neglecting [the performance of] good [deeds], such as struggling or emigrating — because the reason why this verse was revealed was [precisely their] obedience [of them] in such [matters]. and if you pardon, them, for their impeding you from such good [deeds], justifying it on account of the distress that parting with you causes them, and overlook [such enmity] and forgive, then assuredly god is forgiving, merciful.
Ali ibn Ahmad al-Wahidi
تفسير : (o ye who believe! lo! among your wives and your children there are enemies for you, therefor beware of them. and if ye efface and overlook and forgive, then lo! allah is forgiving, merciful) [64:14].
said ibn ‘abbas: “some men used to embrace islam but, upon trying to migrate, were prevented from doing so by their families and children. the latter would plead with them, saying: ‘we plead with you, by allah, not to leave your family and clan and depart to medina where you have no family or wealth’. some of these men took pity on their family and children and stayed back, thus failing to migrate, and so allah, exalted is he, revealed this verse”.
ahmad ibn ‘abd allah ibn ahmad al-shaybani informed us> abu’l-fadl ahmad ibn isma‘il ibn yahya ibn hazim> ‘umar ibn muhammad ibn bujayr> muhammad ibn ‘umar al-maqdimi> ash‘ath ibn ‘abd allah> shu‘bah> isma‘il ibn abi khalid who said: “some men used to embrace islam but then faced the rebuke of their families and children, and so this verse was revealed (o ye who believe! lo! among your wives and your children there are enemies for you, therefor beware of them…)”.
reporting from ibn ‘abbas, ‘ikrimah said: “this refers to those who were prevented by their families from emigrating to medina. when they finally migrated and saw that people had gained a clear understanding of the religion, they were about to punish those members of their family who prevented them from migrating, and so allah, exalted is he, revealed (and if ye efface and overlook and forgive, then lo! allah is forgiving, merciful)”.
Sahl al-Tustari
تفسير : o you who believe! indeed among your spouses and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them...he said:those among your spouses and children who induce you to the amassing of [the goods of this] world and reliance on them (rukūn ilayhā) are enemies to you. however, the one who prompts you to give of it and spend it [in a good cause], and guides you to be satisfied (qanāʿa), and to put your trust in god (tawakkul) is not an enemy to you.the saying is related from Ḥasan: ‘o son of adam! do not be beguiled by the ferocious beasts around you, namely, your son, your wife, your relatives and your servant. as for your son, he is like a lion in his ferocity and force, and will certainly contend with you concerning what you possess. as for your wife, she is like a bitch with her growling and wagging of her tail, sometimes she is growling and at other times she is wagging her tail. as for your relatives, by god, a dirham that falls to their share of your inheritance is dearer to them than your freeing of a slave. as for your servant, he is like a fox in trickery and theft. i say to you, son of adam, fear god, and don’t break your back for their benefit, for you only have a few steps till you reach your next home, which is four cubits by two cubits. once they have put you there, they will disperse from you, then carry out their intentions, beat the drums [in celebration], and break into guffaws of laughter, while you are being taken to account (muḥāsab) for what is left in their hands. his words, exalted is he:
