'Abdullāh Ibn 'Abbās / Muḥammad al-Fīrūzabādī
تفسير : (and strive for allah with the endeavour which is his right) and fulfil for allah that which is his right. (he hath chosen you) for his religion (and hath not laid upon you in religion) in the matter of religion (any hardship) he says: whoever cannot pray standing, let him pray sitting; and whoever cannot pray sitting, let him pray lying down, just by making gestures; (the faith of your father abraham) follow the religion of your father abraham. (he hath named you) allah named you (muslims of old time) before this qur'an, in the scriptures of past prophets (and in this (scripture)) i.e. the qur'an, (that the messenger) muhammad (pbuh) (may be a witness against you) against the disbelievers and in favour of the believers, (and that ye may be witnesses against mankind) in favour of the prophets. (so establish worship) perform the five daily prayers, by perfecting their ablutions, bowing, prostration and that which is prescribed in their appointed times, (pay the poor-due) from your wealth, (and hold fast to allah) and hold fast to allah's religion and scripture. (he is your protecting friend. a blessed patron) protector (and a blessed helper) who will defend you!'
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī
تفسير : and struggle in the way of god, in order to establish his religion, a struggle worthy of him, by expending all effort therein (haqqa is in the accusative because it is a verbal noun). he has elected you, he has chosen you for his religion, and has not laid upon you in your religion any hardship, that is, [any] constraint, for he has facilitated [adherence to] it during times of difficulty, such as [his permitting you] to shorten prayers, to seek ritual purification from earth, to eat of carrion, and to break the fast during illness or travel — the creed of your father (millata is in the accusative because the genitive preposition kāf [sc. ka-millati, ‘like the creed of’] has been omitted) abraham (ibrāhīma, an explicative supplement). he, that is, god, named you muslims before, that is, before [the revelation of] this book, and in this, that is, [in] the qur’ān, so that the messenger might be a witness against you, on the day of resurrection, that he delivered the message to you, and that you might be witnesses against mankind, that their messengers delivered the message to them. so maintain prayer, observe it regularly, and pay the alms, and hold fast to god, trust in him. he is your patron, your helper and the guardian of your affairs. an excellent patron, is he, and an excellent helper, for you.
