La tajidu qawman yuminoona biAllahi waalyawmi alakhiri yuwaddoona man hadda Allaha warasoolahu walaw kanoo abaahum aw abnaahum aw ikhwanahum aw AAasheeratahum olaika kataba fee quloobihimu aleemana waayyadahum biroohin minhu wayudkhiluhum jannatin tajree min tahtiha alanharu khalideena feeha radiya Allahu AAanhum waradoo AAanhu olaika hizbu Allahi ala inna hizba Allahi humu almuflihoona
English
Ahmed Ali
You will not find those who believe in God and the Day of Resurrection, loving those who oppose God and His Prophet, even though they be their fathers, sons, or brothers or their kin. God has inscribed on their hearts belief, and has succoured them with His own grace, and will admit them to gardens with rivers flowing by, where they will abide for ever, God accepting them, and they, happy in the pleasure of God. They are verily the army of God. Will not the army of God be victorious?
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Tafseer
'Abdullāh Ibn 'Abbās / Muḥammad al-Fīrūzabādī
تفسير : allah then revealed about hatib ibn abi balta'ah, a man from the yemen, who wrote a letter to the people of mecca in which he divulged one of the secrets of the prophet (pbuh) saying: (thou wilt not find) o muhammad (folk) i.e. hatib (who believe in allah and the last day) resurrection after death (loving those who oppose) contravene against (allah and his messenger) in matters of religion, meaning here the people of mecca: (even though they be their fathers) blood fathers (or, their sons or their brethren or their clan) or their own folk or relatives. (as for such) hatib and his fellow believers, (he hath written faith upon their hearts) he cast love of faith in their hearts (and hath strengthened them with a spirit from him) with a mercy from him; and it is said this means: he helped them with a help from him, (and he will bring them into gardens beneath which) beneath its trees and habitations (rivers flow) rivers of wine, water, honey and milk flow, (wherein they will abide) they will dwell in paradise for eternity, never to die or leave it. (allah is well pleased with them) because of their faith, works and repentance, (and they are well pleased with him) because of the reward and honour they receive from him. (they are allah's party) they are allah's army. (lo! is it not allah's party who are the successful?) they are saved from his wrath and chastisement; these are the ones who found and obtained what they were seeking, and were saved from the evil of that which they fled from. hatib was of those who took part in the battle of badr, and his story is found in surah “she that is to be examined (al-mumtahanah)”.
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī
تفسير : you will not find a people who believe in god and the last day loving, befriending, those who oppose god and his messenger, even though they, the opposers, were their fathers, that is to say, the believers’ [fathers], or their sons or their brothers or their clan, rather [you will find that] they intend to do them harm and they fight them over [the question of] faith, as occurred on one occasion with some companions, may god be pleased with them. [for] those, the ones who are not loving of them, he has inscribed, he has established, faith upon their hearts and reinforced them with a spirit, a light, from him, exalted be he, and he will admit them into gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide, god being pleased with them, for their obedience of him, and they being pleased with him, because of his reward. those [they] are god’s confederates, following his command and refraining from what he has forbidden. assuredly it is god’s confederates who are the successful, the winners.
Ali ibn Ahmad al-Wahidi
تفسير : (thou wilt not find folk who believe in allah and the last day loving those who oppose allah and his messenger…) [58:22].
said ibn jurayj: “it was related to me that abu quhafah insulted the prophet, allah bless him and give him peace, and as a result abu bakr [his son] struck him with such force that he fell to the ground. abu bakr mentioned this to the prophet, allah bless him and give him peace, who exclaimed: ‘did you really do it?’ abu bakr said: ‘yes!’ ‘in that case do not do it again!’ said the prophet, allah bless him and give him peace. abu bakr said: ‘by allah, if a sword were at my reach i would have killed him!’ and so allah, glorified and exalted is he, revealed this verse”.
it is also related that ibn mas‘ud said: “this verse was revealed about abu ‘ubaydah ibn al-jarrah who killed his father ‘abd allah at the battle of uhud”. it was also revealed about abu bakr who challenged his own son for a duel at the battle of badr. he said: “o messenger of allah, let me be among the first group [of martyrs]”. the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace, said to him: “preserve yourself for us, o abu bakr! do you not know that you are to me like my hearing and sight?”
the verse was also revealed about mus‘ab ibn ‘umayr who killed his brother ‘umayr ibn ‘umayr at the battle of uhud. and it was also revealed about ‘umar [ibn al-khattab] who killed his maternal uncle al-‘as ibn hisham ibn al-mughirah at the battle of badr. and it was also revealed about ‘ali, hamzah and ‘ubaydah who killed ‘utbah ibn rabi‘ah, shaybah ibn rabi‘ah and al-walid ibn ‘utbah respectively at the battle of badr. hence his words (even though they be their fathers or their sons or their brethren or their clan).
Sahl al-Tustari
تفسير : you will not find a people who believe in god and the last day loving those who oppose god and his messenger, even were they to be their fathers…he [sahl] said:no person whose faith is sound enjoys the company of the innovator (mubtadiʿ), nor does he comply with him, eat with him, drink with him or keep his company. rather, he shows him hostility and loathing from himself. on the other hand, whoever fawns over an innovator will have the sweetness of [following] the prophet’s ways (sunan) removed from him by god, and whoever shows love for an innovator, seeking honour in this world and some ⸢worldy⸣ gain (ʿaraḍan ⸢minhā⸣), will find that god humiliates him with that honour and impoverishes him through that wealth. moreover, whoever jokes with an innovator will find that god removes the light of faith from his heart. as for the one who doubts this, let him try it for himself.his words, exalted is he:
…[for] those, he has inscribed faith upon their hearts and reinforced them with a spirit from him…he said:god has inscribed faith upon the hearts of his friends in lines (suṭūran). the first line is the profession of god’s oneness (tawḥīd), the second, gnosis (maʿrifa), the third, veracity (ṣidq), the fourth, rectitude (istiqāma), the fifth, confidence (thiqa), the sixth, reliance (iʿtimād) and the seventh, trust (tawakkul). furthermore, this writing is the work of god (fiʿl allāh), not the work of the servant (fiʿl al-ʿabd). the work of the servant with regard to faith is in the outward aspect of islam, and what outwardly appears from him, whereas its inner [reality] is the work of god, exalted is he.he also said:the inscription on the heart is the gift of faith (mawhibat al-īmān) which god bestows upon them before creating them in loins and wombs. then he reveals a glimpse of the light in the heart, and then he lifts the veil from it, so that through the blessing of that writing (barakat al-kitāba) and the light of faith (nūr al-īmān) they can behold things of the unseen (mughayyabāt). and he said:the life of the spirit (ḥayāt al-rūḥ) is in the remembrance [of god] (dhikr), the life of remembranceis in the one who remembers (dhākir), and the life of the one who remembers is in the one who is remembered (madhkūr). god was pleased with them because of the sincerity they devoted towards him in their works, and they were pleased with him due to the abundant reward he granted them for their works.
…they are the confederates of god…confederates (ḥizb) means followers (shīʿa). they are the substitutes (abdāl), and higher [in rank still] are the veracious (ṣiddīqūn). truly it is the party of god who will be successful, that is, they are the heirs to the secrets of their [the prophets’] sciences and are able to see (mushrifūn) the meanings of their beginning ⸢through to⸣ their end (ibtidāʾihim ⸢ilā⸣ intihāʾihim). his words, exalted is he:
