تفسير : (nay, i swear by the accusing soul (that this scripture is true)) and i swear by every righteous and sinful soul that will blame itself on the day of resurrection. as for the righteous soul, it will say: if only i did more righteous works. and as for the sinful soul, it will say: if only i abstained from committing sins. both souls will say this upon seeing the reward and punishment awaiting each one of them respectively. it is also said that the accusing soul in question is the soul that reproaches itself; and it is also said: it is the soul that repents of its sins and reproaches itself for what it had committed; and it is also said it is the sinful, disbelieving soul.
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī
تفسير : and, nay, i swear by the (self-)reproaching soul, the one that reproaches itself, even if it should expend great effort in being virtuous (the response to the oath has been omitted, that is to say, la-tub‘athunna, ‘you shall indeed be resurrected!’, as indicated by [what follows]):
Sahl al-Tustari
تفسير : nay, i swear by the day of resurrection. ! and nay, i swear by the self-reproaching soul!the evil-inciting self (nafs ammāra bi’l-sūʾ) is [here in the form of] the blaming self (nafs lawwāma). it is a companion (qarīna) to avarice (ḥirṣ) and [far-fetched] hope (amal). then he said:he [god] has simply forbidden you from obeying ⸢the enemy [satan]⸣, from being deluded by the world, and from letting yourself be deceived by the lower self. god, exalted is he, said, verily the soul is ever inciting to evil [12:53]; and he said: so do not let the life of this world deceive you [31:33]; and he also said: truly satan is an enemy to you [35:6].his words, exalted is he:
