'Abdullāh Ibn 'Abbās / Muḥammad al-Fīrūzabādī
تفسير : (they consult thee concerning women) they ask you about the inheritance of women; the one who asked him was 'uyaynah. (say: allah giveth to you decree) expounds to you the legal ruling (concerning them) concerning their inheritance, (and the scripture) at the beginning of this surah (which hath been recited unto you (giveth decree), concerning female orphans) the daughters of umm kuhhah (unto whom ye give not that which is ordained for them) that which is prescribed for them of inheritance; allah has already explained this at the beginning of the surah (though you desire to marry them) you refrain from marrying them because they are not attractive, so now give them their wealth so that you may desire to marry them for that which they have, (and (concerning) the weak among children) and he expounds to you the inheritance of children, (and that ye should deal justly with orphans) he explains to you that you should protect justly and fairly the wealth of orphans. (whatever good ye do) by being kind to them, (lo! allah is ever aware of it) as well as of your intentions.
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī
تفسير : they will ask you for a pronouncement concerning, the matter of, women, and their inheritance. say, to them: ‘god pronounces to you concerning them, and what is recited to you in the book, the qur’ān, in the ‘inheritance’ verse [q. 4:11], and he also pronounces to you, concerning the orphan women to whom you do not give what is prescribed, [what] is obligatory, for them, of inheritance, for you, o guardians, [who] desire, not, to marry them, because of their ugliness, and you prevent them from marrying [others], coveting their inheritance: in other words, god pronounces to you not to do this; and, concerning, the oppressed, young, children, that you give them what is their due, and, he also commands you, that you deal justly, equitably, with orphans, with respect to inheritance and dowry. whatever good you do, god is ever knower of it’, and he will requite you for it.
Ali ibn Ahmad al-Wahidi
تفسير : (they consult thee concerning women…) [4:127].
the judge abu bakr ahmad ibn al-hasan informed us> muhammad ibn ya'qub>> muhammad ibn 'abd allah ibn 'abd al-hakam> ibn wahb> yunus> ibn shihab> 'urwah ibn al-zubayr> 'a'ishah who said: “people asked the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace, for the legal ruling concerning them after the revelation of this verse about them, and so allah, exalted is he, revealed this verse (they consult thee concerning women. say: allah giveth you decree concerning them, and the scripture which hath been recited unto you (giveth decree)…)”. that which has been recited unto him in the scripture refers to the first verse in which he says (and if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans…) [4:3]. and allah, exalted is he, says in the other verse (though ye desire to marry them), i.e. one of you desires to marry the orphan under his care when she is not of great beauty or possesses a lot of wealth. thus, men were warned against marrying the orphaned because of their beauty or out of desire for their wealth, unless one was prepared to deal with them fairly, for the trend was that men shunned those orphans who had no wealth or were not beautiful. this was narrated by muslim from harmalah from ibn wahb.
