Verily God has enjoined justice, the doing of good, and the giving of gifts to your relatives; and forbidden indecency, impropriety and oppression. He warns you so that you may remember.
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Tafseer
'Abdullāh Ibn 'Abbās / Muḥammad al-Fīrūzabādī
تفسير : (lo! allah enjoineth justice) allah's divine oneness (and kindness) through fulfilling the obligations; it is also said that this means: kindness to people, (and giving to kinsfolk) i.e. keeping ties with one's kinsfolk, (and forbideth lewdness) all transgressions (and abomination) that which is not known in the shari'ah or sunnah (and wickedness) overbearing and oppression. (he exhorteth you) he forbids you from engaging in lewdness, abomination and wickedness (in order that ye may take heed) in order that you take admonition from the parable of the qur'an.
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī
تفسير : indeed god enjoins justice — [that is] affirmation of [his] oneness, or [actually] being fair, and virtue, performance of the [religious] obligations, or that you should worship god as if you were able to see him, as [reported] in the hadīth; and giving to kinsfolk — he has singled it [kinship] out for mention by way of [highlighting] its importance — and he forbids lewdness, fornication, and abomination, with regard to the [stipulations of the] law, [abomination] such as disbelief and acts of disobedience, and aggression, wrongdoing against people — he also singles this out for mention by way of [showing] its importance; just as he began with [the mention of] ‘lewdness’, in this way, he admonishes you, through commands and prohibitions, so that you might remember, [that you might] be admonished (tadhakkarūna, ‘you [might] remember’, the original tā’ [of tatadhakkarūna] has been assimilated with the dhāl). in the mustadrak [of al-hākim al-naysābūrī] it is reported from ibn mas‘ūd that [he said]: ‘this [verse] is the most comprehensive verse in the qur’ān in terms of [what is] good and [what is] evil’.
Ali ibn Ahmad al-Wahidi
تفسير : (lo! allah enjoineth justice and kindness…) [16:90].
abu ishaq ahmad ibn muhammad ibn ibrahim informed us> shu'ayb ibn muhammad al-bayhaqi> makki ibn 'abdan> abu'l-azhar> rawh ibn 'ubadah> 'abd al-hamid ibn buhram> shahr ibn hawshab> 'abd allah ibn 'abbas who said: “while the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace, was sitting in his house's courtyard in mecca, 'uthman ibn maz'un passed by and smiled at him. the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace, said: 'will you not sit down?' he sat down facing toward him. as the prophet, allah bless him and give him peace was talking to 'uthman, his eyes turned toward heaven, he looked upward for a while and then brought his gaze down and looked down at the ground on his right hand side. then, he looked away from his companion 'uthman toward where he gazed, moving his head as if trying to understand what he was being told. he then looked up again toward heaven, as he did the first time, and kept looking up until his gaze was completely focused on heaven. then he was back with 'uthman as he was initially. 'uthman said: 'o muhammad, i used to come to see you and sit with you and i have never seen you do what you did this morning'. the prophet, allah bless him and give him peace, said: 'and what did you see me do?' he said: 'i saw you raising your eyes toward heaven, you looked down on your right, and then you moved away from me and moved your head as if trying to understand something which was being said to you'. the prophet said: 'did you catch all that?' when 'uthman said he did, the prophet said: 'gabriel came to me earlier on while you were sitting'. 'uthman asked: 'and what did he tell you?' he said: 'he told me (lo! allah enjoineth justice and kindness, and giving to kinsfolk, and forbiddeth lewdness and abomination and wickedness. he exhorteth you in order that ye may take heed)'. 'uthman said: 'it was at that point that faith became firm in my heart and i loved muhammad, allah bless him and give him peace' ”.
Sahl al-Tustari
تفسير : indeed, god enjoins justice (ʿadl) and benevolence (iḥsān) and giving to kinsfolk, (and he forbids you indecency (faḥshāʾ), abomination (munkar) and aggression. he admonishes you so that you may take heed).he said:justice is professing ‘there is no god but god and muḥammad is the messenger of god’, and adhering to the sunna of his prophet <img border="0" src="images/salatonmassenger.jpg" width="24" height="22">; and benevolence is that you do good to each other; and giving to kinsfolk means that whoever god has provided for in abundance should give to those among his relatives for whom god has made him responsible; indecency (faḥshāʾ), refers to calumny (kadhb), backbiting (ghayba), slander (buhtān) and all other offences of the tongue; and abomination (munkar), refers to the committing of transgressions in the form of actions. he admonishes you, means he instructs you in the finest conduct (adab), and draws your attention to the highest awareness (intibāḥ), so that you make take heed, that is, receive admonishment and refrain [from sins].sahl [also] said:people are asleep and when they die they awaken. his words:
