Verse. 2190

١٨ - ٱلْكَهْف

18 - Al-Kahf

وَاِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلٰۗىِٕكَۃِ اسْجُدُوْا لِاٰدَمَ فَسَجَدُوْۗا اِلَّاۗ اِبْلِيْسَ۝۰ۭ كَانَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَفَسَقَ عَنْ اَمْرِ رَبِّہٖ۝۰ۭ اَفَتَتَّخِذُوْنَہٗ وَذُرِّيَّتَہٗۗ اَوْلِيَاۗءَ مِنْ دُوْنِيْ وَہُمْ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ۝۰ۭ بِئْسَ لِلظّٰلِمِيْنَ بَدَلًا۝۵۰
Waith qulna lilmalaikati osjudoo liadama fasajadoo illa ibleesa kana mina aljinni fafasaqa AAan amri rabbihi afatattakhithoonahu wathurriyyatahu awliyaa min doonee wahum lakum AAaduwwun bisa lilththalimeena badalan

English

Ahmed Ali

When We said to the angels: "Bow before Adam in adoration," they all bowed but Iblis. He was one of the jinni and rebelled against his Lord's command. And yet you take him and his offspring as your friends instead of Me, even though they are your enemies. How sad a substitute for the evil-doers!

50

Tafseer

'Abdullāh Ibn 'Abbās / Muḥammad al-Fīrūzabādī

تفسير : (and (remember) when we said unto the angels) who were on the earth: (fall prostrate before adam) a prostration of greeting, (and they fell prostrate, all save iblis) their leader. (he was of the jinn) of the tribe of the jinn, (so he rebelled against his lord's command) he disobeyed his lord and refused to prostrate to adam. (will ye choose him) will you worship him (and his seed for your protecting friends) as lords (instead of me) instead of allah, (when they are an enemy unto you) whose enmity is quite manifest? (calamitous is the exchange) in worship; it is also said that this means: evil is that which they exchanged: they exchanged the worship of allah with the worship of satan; and it is also said: they exchanged the protecting friendship of allah with the protecting friendship of satan (for evil-doers) for idolaters!

Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī

تفسير : and when (idh is dependent because it is governed by [an implicit] udhkur, ‘mention [when]’) we said to the angels, ‘prostrate before adam’, a prostration involving a bow, not placing one’s forehead down [to the ground], as a greeting to him; and so they prostrated, [all] except iblīs. he was [one] of the jinn — some say that these [creatures] are a species of angels, in which case the exceptive clause [illā iblīs, ‘except iblīs’] is a continuous one; but it is also said to be discontinuous, since iblīs is [considered] the progenitor of [all] the jinn, having offspring who are mentioned alongside him further below; angels, on the other hand, do not have offspring; and he transgressed against his lord’s command, that is to say, he rebelled against obedience to him by refraining from [performing] the prostration. will you then take him and his offspring — this address is to adam and his progeny (the [final pronominal suffix] hā’ in both words refers to iblīs) for your patrons instead of me, obeying them, when they are an enemy to you?, in other words, [when they are your] enemies (wa-hum lakum ‘aduwwun is a circumstantial qualifier). how evil for the evildoers is that substitute!, of iblīs and his offspring, in obeying them instead of obeying god.