'Abdullāh Ibn 'Abbās / Muḥammad al-Fīrūzabādī
تفسير : (we (angels) come not down) from heaven (save by commandment of thy lord) o muhammad. gabriel said this when allah withheld the revelation from him for a while after being asked by the quraysh about the spirit, the two-horned (dhu'l-qarnayn) and the people of the cave. (unto him belongeth all that is before us) of the matter of the hereafter (and all that is behind us) of the matter of this worldly life (and all that is between those two) between the two blowings of the trumpet, (and thy lord was never forgetful) your lord has not forgotten you since he first sent you the revelation.
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī
تفسير : when the revelation did not come for a number of days, the prophet (s) said to gabriel, ‘what prevents you from visiting us more often than you do?’ and so the following was revealed: and we do not descend except by the commandment of your lord. to him belongs all that is before us, namely, ahead of us, of the affairs of the hereafter, and all that is behind us, of the affairs of this world, and all that is between those [two], namely, all that takes place from this [point in] time until the coming of the hour, in other words, to him belongs knowledge of all of those things. and your lord is never forgetful, meaning that he is never neglectful of you [even] when the revelation is postponed from [being sent to] you.
Ali ibn Ahmad al-Wahidi
تفسير : (we (angels) come not down save by commandment of thy lord…) [19:64].
isma'il ibn ibrahim ibn muhammad ibn hamawayh informed us> abu bakr muhammad ibn ma'mar al-shami> ishaq ibn muhammad ibn ishaq al-rus'ani> his grandfather> al-mughirah> 'umar ibn dharr> his father> sa'id ibn jubayr> ibn 'abbas who said: “the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace, said [to gabriel, peace be upon him]: 'o gabriel, what prevents you from visiting us more often than you do?' and so this verse was revealed (we (angels) come not down save by commandment of thy lord. unto him belongeth all that is before us and all that is behind us and all that is between those two, and thy lord was never forgetful). this was a response to muhammad, the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace”. this was narrated by bukhari from abi nu'aym from 'umar ibn dharr.
mujahid said: “the angel [gabriel] took quite a while to come to the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace. when he finally came to him he said: 'did i take too long to come to you?' the prophet said he did, upon which the angel said: 'why should i not delay my coming when you [the community of the believers] do not polish your teeth by using small sticks (siwak), do not cut your nails and do not clean the joints of your fingers'. and then he added (we (angels) come not down save by commandment of thy lord…)”.
'ikrimah, al-dahhak, qatadah, muqatil and al-kalbi said: “gabriel, peace be upon him, failed to come to the prophet, allah bless him and give him peace, when his people asked him about the people of the cave, dhu'l-qarnayn and the spirit. he did not know what to answer them and was hoping that gabriel, peace be upon him, would come to him with an answer. when his coming was delayed, the messenger of allah, allah bless him and give him peace, was very aggrieved. when gabriel, peace be upon him, finally came, the prophet said to him: 'you delayed your coming so much that i had some misgivings, and i have missed you'. gabriel, peace be upon him, said: 'i have missed you more but i am only a slave who obeys orders. when i am sent, i come; and when i am kept back, i remain where i am kept'. allah, exalted is he, then revealed (we (angels) come not down save by commandment of thy lord…)”.
