Ar-Ra'd (ٱلرَّعْد)

Surah Ar-Ra'd (English meaning: The Thunder) is the 13th chapter of the Qur'an. Its name is derived from the mention of thunder in verse 13:13: "And the thunder exalts [Allah] with praise of Him – and the angels [as well] from fear of Him." Surah Ar-Ra'd is situated in the 13th Parah/Juz of the Qur'an and consists of 43 verses (ayat) divided into 6 Ruku (sections). It is placed after Surah Yusuf and before Surah Ibrahim. While there is some disagreement between the schools of thought, most scholars collectively consider the Surah to be a Makki Surah.

Surah Ar-Ra'd was revealed in the late Makkan Period during a period of time when the Prophet (ﷺ) and his followers faced extreme opposition and persecution from the Quraish tribe. One notable incident related to the revelation of this Surah involves the Quraysh leaders challenging the Prophet to bring a miracle or a sign to prove his prophethood. In response, Surah Ar-Ra'd highlights the miracles and signs already present in the natural world, such as the thunder and lightning, as evidence of God's power and the truth of His revelation.

The Surah mainly focuses on the Omnipotence of Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى) through natural phenomena with clear and vivid descriptions of thunder and lightning which are seen as signs of Allah's powers and a stark reminder of His presence and control over the universe. Thunder symbolizes God's awe-inspiring power and serves as a natural phenomenon that evokes fear and respect and reminds humans of God's might and power as well as the reality of the Day of Judgment. The Surah also defends the authenticity of the Quran and reaffirms the divine origin of the revelation while challenging the disbelievers to produce something similar. 

١٣ - ٱلرَّعْد

13 - Ar-Ra'd

الۗمّۗرٰ۝۰ۣ تِلْكَ اٰيٰتُ الْكِتٰبِ۝۰ۭ وَالَّذِيْۗ اُنْزِلَ اِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَّبِّكَ الْحَقُّ وَلٰكِنَّ اَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يُؤْمِنُوْنَ۝۱
Aliflammeemra tilka ayatu alkitabi waallathee onzila ilayka min rabbika alhaqqu walakinna akthara alnnasi la yuminoona

English

Ahmed Ali

ALIF LAM MIM RA. These are the verses of the Scripture. Whatsoever is sent down to you from your Lord is the truth; but most men do not believe.

1

اَللہُ الَّذِيْ رَفَعَ السَّمٰوٰتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَہَا ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰى عَلَي الْعَرْشِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ۝۰ۭ كُلٌّ يَّجْرِيْ لِاَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى۝۰ۭ يُدَبِّرُ الْاَمْرَ يُفَصِّلُ الْاٰيٰتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ بِلِقَاۗءِ رَبِّكُمْ تُوْقِنُوْنَ۝۲
Allahu allathee rafaAAa alssamawati bighayri AAamadin tarawnaha thumma istawa AAala alAAarshi wasakhkhara alshshamsa waalqamara kullun yajree liajalin musamman yudabbiru alamra yufassilu alayati laAAallakum biliqai rabbikum tooqinoona

English

Ahmed Ali

It is God who raised the skies without support, as you can see, then assumed His throne, and enthralled the sun and the moon (so that) each runs to a predetermined course. He disposes all affairs, distinctly explaining every sign that you may be certain of the meeting with your Lord.

2

وَہُوَالَّذِيْ مَدَّ الْاَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ فِيْہَا رَوَاسِيَ وَاَنْہٰرًا۝۰ۭ وَمِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرٰتِ جَعَلَ فِيْہَا زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ يُغْشِي الَّيْلَ النَّہَارَ۝۰ۭ اِنَّ فِيْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَّتَفَكَّرُوْنَ۝۳
Wahuwa allathee madda alarda wajaAAala feeha rawasiya waanharan wamin kulli alththamarati jaAAala feeha zawjayni ithnayni yughshee allayla alnnahara inna fee thalika laayatin liqawmin yatafakkaroona

English

Ahmed Ali

It is He who stretched the earth and placed upon it stabilisers and rivers; and made two of a pair of every fruit; (and) He covers up the day with the night. In these are signs for those who reflect.

3

وَفِي الْاَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُّتَجٰوِرٰتٌ وَّجَنّٰتٌ مِّنْ اَعْنَابٍ وَّزَرْعٌ وَّنَخِيْلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَّغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُّسْقٰى بِمَاۗءٍ وَّاحِدٍ۝۰ۣ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَہَا عَلٰي بَعْضٍ فِي الْاُكُلِ۝۰ۭ اِنَّ فِيْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَّعْقِلُوْنَ۝۴
Wafee alardi qitaAAun mutajawiratun wajannatun min aAAnabin wazarAAun wanakheelun sinwanun waghayru sinwanin yusqa bimain wahidin wanufaddilu baAAdaha AAala baAAdin fee alokuli inna fee thalika laayatin liqawmin yaAAqiloona

English

Ahmed Ali

On the earth are tracts adjoining one another, and vineyards, fields of corn and date-palm trees, some forked, some with single trunks, yet all irrigated by the self-same water, though We make some more excellent than the others in fruit. There are surely signs in them for those who understand.

4

وَاِنْ تَعْجَبْ فَعَجَبٌ قَوْلُہُمْ ءَ اِذَا كُنَّا تُرٰبًا ءَ اِنَّا لَفِيْ خَلْقٍ جَدِيْدٍ۝۰ۥۭ اُولٰۗىِٕكَ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا بِرَبِّہِمْ۝۰ۚ وَاُولٰۗىِٕكَ الْاَغْلٰلُ فِيْۗ اَعْنَاقِہِمْ۝۰ۚ وَاُولٰۗىِٕكَ اَصْحٰبُ النَّارِ۝۰ۚ ہُمْ فِيْہَا خٰلِدُوْنَ۝۵
Wain taAAjab faAAajabun qawluhum aitha kunna turaban ainna lafee khalqin jadeedin olaika allatheena kafaroo birabbihim waolaika alaghlalu fee aAAnaqihim waolaika ashabu alnnari hum feeha khalidoona

English

Ahmed Ali

If you are surprised, then astonishing is the speech (of those who say:) "Having turned to dust shall we be raised as a new creation?" They are the ones who deny their Lord, and they will have collars around their necks. They are the inmates of Hell, where they will abide for ever.

5

وَيَسْتَعْجِلُوْنَكَ بِالسَّيِّـئَۃِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَـنَۃِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِہِمُ الْمَثُلٰتُ۝۰ۭ وَاِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُوْ مَغْفِرَۃٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلٰي ظُلْمِہِمْ۝۰ۚ وَاِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيْدُ الْعِقَابِ۝۶
WayastaAAjiloonaka bialssayyiati qabla alhasanati waqad khalat min qablihimu almathulatu wainna rabbaka lathoo maghfiratin lilnnasi AAala thulmihim wainna rabbaka lashadeedu alAAiqabi

English

Ahmed Ali

They want you to hasten the evil before the good, even when there have been examples of retribution before them. Though certainly your Lord forgives human beings for their iniquities, your Lord is severe of retribution.

6

وَيَقُوْلُ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا لَوْلَاۗ اُنْزِلَ عَلَيْہِ اٰيَۃٌ مِّنْ رَّبِّہٖ۝۰ۭ اِنَّمَاۗ اَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَّ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ ہَادٍ۝۷ۧ
Wayaqoolu allatheena kafaroo lawla onzila AAalayhi ayatun min rabbihi innama anta munthirun walikulli qawmin hadin

English

Ahmed Ali

The unbelievers say: "Why no miracle was sent down to him by his Lord?" But you are only a bearer of warnings, and a guide for every nation.

7

اَللہُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ اُنْثٰى وَمَا تَغِيْضُ الْاَرْحَامُ وَمَا تَزْدَادُ۝۰ۭ وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِنْدَہٗ بِمِقْدَارٍ۝۸
Allahu yaAAlamu ma tahmilu kullu ontha wama tagheedu alarhamu wama tazdadu wakullu shayin AAindahu bimiqdarin

English

Ahmed Ali

God is cognisant of what every female carries in her womb, or what the wombs want or exceed (of their disburdening time). With Him all things are in determined measure.

8

عٰلِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّہَادَۃِ الْكَبِيْرُ الْمُتَعَالِ۝۹
AAalimu alghaybi waalshshahadati alkabeeru almutaAAali

English

Ahmed Ali

He is the knower of the known and the unknown, the mighty and most high.

9

سَوَاۗءٌ مِّنْكُمْ مَّنْ اَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَمَنْ جَہَرَ بِہٖ وَمَنْ ہُوَمُسْتَخْفٍؚبِالَّيْلِ وَسَارِبٌۢ بِالنَّہَارِ۝۱۰
Sawaon minkum man asarra alqawla waman jahara bihi waman huwa mustakhfin biallayli wasaribun bialnnahari

English

Ahmed Ali

He who keeps his secret among you is the same to Him as he who speaks out publicly, and he who hides himself in the night and walks freely in the day.

10

Shaan e Nazool (Historical Background)

Surah Ar-Ra’d is widely believed to have been revealed during the last phase of the Prophet Muhammad’s صَلَّى ٱللَّٰهُ عَلَيْهِۦ وَسَلَّمَ stay in Mecca, just before the historical Hijrat e Medina. As such, there is no specific event or occasion associated with its revelation. Most of the Quran Scholars agree that it was revealed during the same period as Surah Yunus, Surah Hud, and Surah Al-A’raf were sent down, because the subject and theme of all four Surahs are almost the same. The purpose of the revelation of Surah Ar-Ra’d was to address some core issues that the Prophet and his followers were facing at that point in time.

The disbelievers of Mecca, the Quraysh, were straight away denying the truth of the Message of Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ, as conveyed to them by the Prophet. Instead, they demanded that if it is the Message of Allah, سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ, the Prophet must prove it through a miracle. Surah Ar-Ra’d addresses the doubts and denial of the disbelievers, who were not only opposing the Prophet but were also showing arrogance, claiming that the Quran was not sufficient evidence that it is a divine revelation. They asked for physical miracles by way of moving the mountains, resurrecting the dead, and bringing the sky down. In fact, some of the believers were also impressed by these demands, in response to which Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ that He is capable of doing that (as mentioned in the 31st verse of this Surah), but even then, the disbelieving people will not be satisfied and would certainly invent another excuse.

Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ Commanded in this Surah that it is not His way to impress disbelievers through miracles. Even if miracles are sent down, the disbelievers would come up with something else. The Quran itself is the greatest miracle, containing guidance, truth, and wisdom far superior to the physical signs. It is also mentioned in this Surah that guidance is only granted by Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ.

Makki or Madni Surah

Surah Ar-Ra’d is a Makki Surah, revealed most probably anytime during the last phase of the Prophet's stay in Mecca, just before the migration to Medina. On the other hand, some of the scholars are of the view that it was revealed in Medina. However, the subject and theme of the Surah strongly suggest that it was revealed in Mecca, just before the migration.

Place in the Quran

It is the 13th Surah of the Quran and appears in Juzz (para) number 13. It is placed after Surah Yusuf and before Surah Ibrahim. It is the 96th Surah in the order of revelation, whereas it is placed at number 13 in the sequence of recitation.

  • Number of Verses: Surah Ar-Ra’d has 43 verses.
  • Number of Ruku (Sections): Surah Ar-Ra’d has 6 Rukus (sections).

Significance of Surah Ar-Ra’d

The significance of Surah Ar-Ra’d can be summarized as follows:

  • Oneness of Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ

Like most of the Meccan Surahs, Surah Ar-Ra’d also reaffirms the Oneness of Allah, سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ, the concept more popularly referred to as Tauhid, in Islamic teachings. It is categorically mentioned in this Surah that Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ is the One Who has the Authority and Control over the entire Universe, including the earth and the heavens. He is the Only One Who controls the natural forces like thunder and lightning. It also rejects idol worship, as was the practice of the Quraysh. It emphasizes that only Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ is worth worship.

  • The Greatest Miracle

The disbelievers were demanding physical miracles as evidence of the Quran being the Divine Book and the Message of Allah, سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ, as conveyed by the Prophet being the truth. Surah Ar-Ra’d addressed this core issue by saying, sending miracles is not difficult for Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ, as He is Capable of doing that, but even then, the disbelievers will not come to the right path. Instead, it is mentioned that the Quran itself is the greatest of Miracles. It is a continuous source of guidance and wisdom for all of mankind till the Day of Judgement.

  • Consolation for Believers and Reminder for Disbelievers

This Surah was revealed in the backdrop of hostilities and strong opposition from the disbelievers of Quraysh, with the advice for the believers to stay firm on their faith. The Surah also emphasizes upon the believers to only rely on Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ and be patient, despite the most unfavorable conditions, as the truth is going to prevail soon. Simultaneously, the disbelievers are reminded that all their deeds are being recorded and everyone will have to face the accountability on the Day of Judgement. In fact, the reminder of the Day of Judgement is for all of mankind, not only for the disbelievers but also for the believers for generations to come.

  • Faith and Obedience

The true believers are encouraged to display faith and obedience. They are mentioned as those who keep complete and unwavering faith in Allah سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ. Those are the ones who establish prayer, give zakat, and keep strong ties with relatives. Hence, the Surah clearly defines the qualities of a true believer. 

  • The Power of Ra’d

The Surah symbolizes Allah’s سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ absolute Power, by mentioning Ar-Ra’d (the Thunder). It is a reminder that all Powers of Nature Glorify only Allah, سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ, though some of the humans still deny His Majesty.

The Themes of Surah Ar-Ra'd (ٱلرَّعْد)

Surah Ar-Ra'd (The Thunder) covers several profound themes and subject matters and emphasizes the power and sovereignty of Allah, the signs of His creation, and the consequences of belief and disbelief. Here are the key themes:

  • Divine Power and Oneness of God (Tawhid) Evident from Nature

Surah Ar-Ra’d places emphasis on the concept of the Oneness of Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى) i.e., Tawhid. The surah begins with a powerful description of thunder, a natural phenomenon that is a reminder of Allah as the Creator and the Master of this universe as well as the Heavens and the Earth, and He alone controls it all. This is a sure sign of a Creator that He can produce and control thunder, a force of immense power and destruction.

Surah Ar-Ra'd does not stop at highlighting Allah's (SWT) power through thunder and continues to tress on the fact that only Allah (SWT) can make these phenomena happen. It encourages contemplation on the various natural phenomena, such as the rain bringing life after drought, the alternation of day and night, and the balance and perfect harmony in the universe. These are seen as signs pointing towards the existence of a Creator with immense wisdom and design, as the beauty and order in nature are seen as evidence of Allah's (SWT) grandeur.

  • Responding to Disbelief and Mockery

The surah responds to the arguments used by the disbelievers of Mecca, as the Quraish doubted the message of the Prophet (ﷺ) and the Quran itself. The surah responds in several ways:

  1. Challenge: It challenges the disbelievers to produce something like the Quran. The eloquence, structure, and message of the Quran are seen as miracles and testaments to its divine origins.
  2. Logical Reasoning: The Surah also uses logic and reason to demonstrate the complete absurdity of their claims. For example, in 13:16, Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى) asks how idols, which are created by humans, can control creation.
  3. Signs and Warnings: The Surah highlights and reminds the people of today of the past communities that rejected messengers and the consequences that they faced. This serves as a warning to those who reject the message of Islam.
  • Reward and Punishment in the Afterlife

Another predominant theme in the surah is reward and punishment. It provides consolation to those who follow the religion and a wake-up call to the believers and non-believers who are far from the teachings of Allah. The surah then seeks to bring the blessings felt in this life into perspective, including food, progeny, and guidance, as well as the reward promised in paradise. It informs the disbelievers of the wrath that awaits them after they deny the message of Allah (SWT) and reminds the believers of the reward they are to gain after facing Hellfire. It gives strict warnings to the disbelievers and good tidings to the believers.

  • Patience and Steadfastness in Facing Hardship

The surah recognizes the ordeal of those who believed in the Oneness of Allah in a society that was largely inclined towards idol worshipping. It provides comfort to those who are suffering persecution and reassures the audience that prior prophets dealt with hardships as well, but they did not waver in their beliefs. The surah strongly emphasizes the importance of patience and reliance on Allah, as ultimately, Allah (SWT) will reward those who remain steadfast in their faith.

Virtues and Benefits of Surah Ar-Ra'd

Surah Ar-Ra'd is a source of strength and revelation to the believers. Descriptions of the nature of Allah (SWT) and His greatness, which include thunder and lightning that remind the people of His greatness (13:13), are common indications of His power. The surah provides comfort and a message of reassurance for those who seek the assistance of Allah (SWT). The Quran itself affirms, "And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out" (Quran 65:2).

In addition, Surah Ar-Ra'd encourages believers to ponder the wonders of nature, from the growth of vegetation (13:4) to the extreme power of lightning (13:13). Such reflection enhances the understanding of the divine attributes of creation as well as the understanding of the guidance offered by Allah (SWT) through the Quran. In terms of moral and spiritual advice, lessons can be learned from the fates of believers and disbelievers as depicted in the surah by the comparison made in verses (13:18-25).

The surah offers valuable moral and spiritual guidance. Finally, the immense rewards promised for reciting and contemplating the Quran extend to Surah Ar-Ra'd. The surah's emphasis on the afterlife and accountability (13:16-17) reminds believers of the eternal rewards awaiting them for their faith and righteous deeds.

Listen to the Recitation of Surah Ar-Ra’d by Renowned Qaris

The recitation of the Quran by an authentic reciter (Qari) is a rich source of learning the correct pronunciation of the Quranic words, including Surah Ar-Ra’d. Correct pronunciation is quite a sensitive matter; even a minor mistake in the correct pronunciation of a Quranic word may entirely change its meaning. Correct pronunciation might be somewhat more difficult for a non-Arabic-speaking person. Hence, listening to the recitation of the Quran by an authentic Qari is highly beneficial for those reciters who want to learn how to correctly read the Quran.

Similarly, sometimes one may just like to listen to the Quran, instead of reading it. At MuslimandQuran, we have uploaded recitations of the Quran by the renowned reciters (Qaris). You can find and select a Qari per your preference to listen to and learn the correct recitation of the Quran. You just need to download the MuslimandQuran mobile application to listen to any Surah of the Quran, including Surah Ar-Ra’d.

The mobile application of the MuslimandQuran is available for both Android and iOS, available on Google Play and App Store, respectively. You can download the application by clicking the links given here:

Surah Ar-Ra’d PDF

It is quite easy to read the Quran directly on the website and mobile application of MuslimandQuran. However, if you like to read it offline, at your convenience, MuslimandQuran also provides this facility. You can just download Surah Ar-Ra’d in PDF for reading later.

Surah Ar-Ra’d can be downloaded in PDF by following these simple steps:

  • Press Ctrl + P on your keyboard.
  • In the Destination dropdown menu, choose Save as PDF.
  • Click Save to download Surah Ar-Ra’d to your device.

FAQs:

Ar-Ra’d translates to “Thunder”. This word refers to the name of the 13th Surah of the Quran, Surah Ar-Ra’d, which appears in its 13th verse.

Surah Ar-Ra’d has 43 verses.

No specific benefits are associated with the recitation of Surah Ar-Ra’d. However, like any other Surah of the Quran, its recitation brings huge rewards and benefits not only in this world but also on the Day of Resurrection. Generally, the recitation of Surah Ar-Ra’d is beneficial as it reminds us of the importance of remaining firm in faith. It also reminds us that everyone will have to face accountability on the Day of Judgement. It also outlines the qualities of a true believer, hence its recitation guides us to follow the righteous path.

There is no specific Hadith about Surah Ar-Ra’d.

Yes, just like any other Surah of the Quran, recitation of Surah Ar-Ra’d may bring huge rewards.